Received: December 15, 2023/ Accepted: December 20, 2023/ Published online: December 28, 2023
УДК 614.2:616-07-053.9(574.13)
МРНТИ 76.39.59616.92/.93
DOI: 10.26212/2227-1937.2023.83.60.016
K.N. Kimatova1, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-9731
K. Wieczorowska-Tobis2, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-3013
L.S. Yermukhanova1, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-9649
P.Zh Aitmaganbet1, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-0493
G.D. Sultanova1, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-0077
1 «West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov medical university», Republic of Kazakhstan
2 Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan Wielkopolska Province, Poland
VALIDATION OF THE EASYCARE STANDARD 2010 INSTRUMENT TO IDENTIFY OLD PEOPLE’S FUNCTIONING AND WELLBEING IN AKTOBE, KAZAKHSTAN
Resume
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of the EASYCare Standard 2010 questionnaire among older
adults in a primary healthcare setting in Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
Methods: A group of 100 participants aged 65 and older, without cognitive impairments, were recruited from a local
healthcare clinic. The Russian translation of the EASYCare questionnaire was administered to the participants. Two
assessments were conducted with a time interval of 10-14 days. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the results of
the EASYCare with the Barthel Index and Lawton scale, which measure physical and mental function, respectively. The three
main indices of the EASYCare questionnaire, Independence score (IS), Risk of breakdown in care (RBC), and Risk of falls (RF),
were evaluated.
Results: The Kappa Cohen coefficient for all domains was high, ranging from 0.89 to 0.99. There were no significant
differences in IS, RBC, and RF between the two assessments (10.4 ± 14.6 vs. 10.1 ± 14.2, 3.9 ± 2.5 vs. 3.9 ± 2.5, and 1.6 ± 1.5 vs.
1.6 ± 1.4, respectively).
Discussion: This study confirms that the Russian version of the EASYCare provides reliable results and can be used as a
comprehensive tool for assessing the health and well-being of older adults. Additionally, most participants were found to be
relatively independent. However, there were slight differences in the Barthel Index scores between males and females (88.9 ±
14.6 vs. 95.6 ± 7.4, p<0.01), indicating that older men are more independent in performing basic activities of daily living
compared to women of the same age. A similar pattern was observed for the Lawton scale (5.1 ± 2.0 vs. 6.4 ± 1.3, p<0.0001).
These findings suggest that in Kazakhstan, men maintain their activity and independence for a longer period compared to
women.
Keywords: EASYCare, validation, older people, functional status.
REFERENCES
1 WHO: the number of people over 60 will double by
2050, 2015. Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015
/older-persons-day/ru/
2 Philip, K. E., Alizad, V., Oates, A., Donkin, D. B.,
Pitsillides, C., Syddall, S. P., & Philp, I. (2014).
Development of EASY-Care, for brief standardized
assessment of the health and care needs of older people;
with latest information about cross-national
acceptability.//Journal of the American Medical Directors
Association, 15(1), 42-46. DOI:
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S15258610
13005318
3 WHO (2021). Retrieved 5 September 2021, from
https://www.who.int/ageing/ru/
4 Gerino, E., Rollè, L., Sechi, C., & Brustia, P. (2017).
Loneliness, resilience, mental health, and quality of life in
old age: A structural equation model. Frontiers in
psychology, 8, 2003.
5 Philp, I. (1997). Can a medical and social assessment
be combined?. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine,
90(32_suppl), 11-13.
6 Pınar, R., Ergün, A., Erol, S., Kurtuluş, Z., Gür, K., Sert,
H., & Philp, I. (2015). The Adaptation of the EASY-Care
standard assessment instrument into Turkish and
evaluation of psychometric properties among Turkish
older people. PREVENTION, 49, 53.
7 Jotheeswaran, A. T., Dias, A., Philp, I., Patel, V., &
Prince, M. (2016). Calibrating EASY-Care independence
scale to improve accuracy. Age and ageing, 45(6), 890-
893. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw106
8 Tobis, S., Jaracz, K., Talarska, D., Kropińska, S.,
Zasadzka, E., Pawlaczyk, M., … & Suwalska, A. (2018).
Validity of the EASYCare Standard 2010 assessment
instrument for self-assessment of health, independence,
and well-being of older people living at home in Poland.
European journal of ageing, 15(1), 101-108.
9 Landis JR, Koch GG (1977) The measurement of
observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics
33(1):159–174. doi:10.2307/ 2529310
10 Idrissova, G. Z., Akhmedenov, K. M., Sergeeva, I. V.,
Ponomareva, A. L., & Sergeeva, E. S. (2017). Monitoring
studies of the ecological state of springs in the Aktobe
region in Western Kazakhstan. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Research, 9(7), 1122.
11 Mamyrbayev, А. А. (2015). AA Mamyrbayev
Toxicology of phosphorus, Fluorine and their inorganic
compounds (protective role of food).–Aktobe–2014.–138
pages. The book systematizes literature data and the
results of in-house research in toxicology of inorganic
phosphates and fluorides. It shows the modes of action of
118
a yellow and red phosphorus, phosphine, hydrogen
fluoride, and a number of other.
12 Talarska D;Tobis S;Kotkowiak M;Strugała
M;Stanisławska J;Wieczorowska-Tobis K; Determinants of
quality of life and the need for support for the elderly
with good physical and mental functioning [Internet].
Medical science monitor: international medical journal of
experimental and clinical research. U.S. National Library
of Medicine; [cited 2022Oct27]. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29551764/
13 Brandão, M. P., Martins, L., Philp, I., & Cardoso, M. F.
(2017). Reliability and validity of the EASYCare-2010
Standard to assess elderly people in Portuguese Primary
Health Care. Atencion primaria, 49(10), 576-585.
