MODERN REHABILITATION METHODS FOR PATIENTS WITH MOTOR IMPAIRMENTS AFTER STROKE:
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
T.T. Kispayeva1, A.Sh. Izbassarova2, M.S. Amirbekova1, Zh.B.Ospanova1,3, Sh.S. Kaliyeva1,
R.Zh. Toiynbekova1, G.A. Nurlybayeva2, T.S.Zhunussova1
1Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan 2S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan 3Rehabilitation center “Neuron”, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Introduction. Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, frequently resulting in persistent motor
deficits, particularly affecting upper limb function and fine motor skills. Traditional rehabilitation methods such as
physical and occupational therapy have limitations in intensity, adaptability, and accessibility. In recent years,
innovative technologies including robotic devices, virtual reality (VR), and mirror therapy have shown promise in
enhancing neuroplasticity and functional recovery.
Objective. This review aims to analyze the effectiveness of modern rehabilitation approaches for restoring motor
function in post-stroke patients.
Materials and Methods. A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Databases searched included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies
published between 2015 and 2025 were included, focusing on randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews,
and meta-analyses involving motor rehabilitation post-stroke.
Results. Robotic-assisted devices (e.g., ReHand glove) demonstrated significant improvements in motor function,
grip strength, and performance. Mirror therapy was found to be an effective, low-cost intervention for enhancing
hand and lower limb function, especially when combined with task-specific training and neuromodulation
techniques. VR-based therapy improved patient engagement, coordination, and ADL performance, particularly
when integrated into conventional programs.
Discussion. While no single method ensures full recovery, a combination of traditional and modern strategies
yields the best outcomes. Robotic systems are highly effective but limited by cost and availability. VR and mirror
therapy are scalable solutions that enhance motivation and neuroplasticity.
Conclusion. Fine motor recovery after stroke is achievable through multimodal rehabilitation programs that
integrate advanced technologies with conventional care. Future research should focus on long-term outcomes,
cost-effectiveness, and the development of patient-centered protocols. The strategic use of robotic, virtual, and
visual-feedback-based methods holds great potential to transform neurorehabilitation into a m
