Received: 19.10.2025
Accepted: 05.12.2025
Published online: 31.12.2025
UDC: 616.248-053.2:615.1
DOI: 10.26212/2227-1937.2025.49.84.004
PHARMACOECONOMIC COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF BASIC ASTHMA THERAPY
REGIMENS IN CHILDREN IN KAZAKHSTAN
Serikbayeva E.A.¹, Zhakipbekov K.S.¹, SHimirova ZH.K. ², Umurzakhova G.Zh.²
¹ NJSC «Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University»,
Kazakhstan, Almaty
² «South Kazakhstan Medical Academy», Kazakhstan, Shymkent
Introduction: Bronchial asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by inflammation of the
bronchial tree and spasm of the smooth muscles of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.
Bronchial asthma can affect individuals of any gender and age. Its symptoms include cough,
predominantly at night, distant wheezing during exhalation, and in more severe cases – chest
tightness, difficulty with deep breathing, and shortness of breath during physical activity or even
at rest.
Research Objective: to calculate the pharmacoeconomic indicator, namely the costeffectiveness ratio (CER), for the treatment of children with bronchial asthma using combined
regimens of bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 54 children aged 6 to 12 years, who were divided
into 6 groups according to age and the severity of bronchial asthma. Treatment effectiveness
was assessed by calculating the percentage difference between the frequency of exacerbations
and the number of patients. Pharmacoeconomic data were calculated using the costeffectiveness ratio (CER).
Results: The study revealed that over the years, the proportion of patients receiving Symbicort
Turbuhaler increased to 5.5% in mild, 7.7% in moderate, and 9.7% in severe cases, accompanied
by an increase in the pharmacoeconomic index to 1300 USD. The use of Symbicort Turbuhaler at
all stages of bronchial asthma helps to reduce the frequency of exacerbations and relieve the
financial burden on the state budget and the healthcare system. This study is similar to the
referenced research, as it also involves the use of the combined drug Symbicort Turbuhaler
(budesonide/formoterol), which positively affects both clinical effectiveness and economic
outcomes.
Discussion: This study aimed to determine the most effective and least costly treatment
regimen for children with bronchial asthma using the CER coefficient. However, the obtained
results have some limitations, such as a relatively small sample size and the use of only three
treatment regimens in two age groups with varying severity. The findings indicate that the most
effective and beneficial treatment was observed in children aged 6 – 8 years with mild asthma.
As the dosage was calculated based on age, the cost of treatment in the 6 – 8 age group was lower
for any severity compared to the 9–12 age group. Additionally, the coefficient was calculated
considering the annual frequency of exacerbations, and its values did not vary significantly,
ranging from 40–70%, which also influenced the results.
Keywords: asthma exacerbation, economic evaluation of asthma treatment, pharmacotherapy,
drug safety, accessibility of therapy for children with asthma.
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