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\r\n\r\n\tANALYSIS OF INSTRUMENTS FOR ASSESSING AWARENESS OF GLAUCOMA AMONG OPHTHALMOLOGISTS
\n(LITERATURE REVIEW)
\nA.B. Imankulov1, A.K. Uristemova1, T.B. Boranbay1, M.G. Konysbayev1, S.B.Kalmakhanov1, M.N. Zhakupova2,
\nM.A. Tyan2, N.M. Urazalina3, M.K. Bapayeva4, K.M. Faizullina5
\n1Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
\n2Kazakh National Medical University named after S. D. Asfendiyarov
\n3 Semey Medical University
\n4Kazakhstan Medical University » School of Public Health»
\n5S.Kairbekova National research center for Health Development
\nIntroduction. Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, progressing silently and often
\ndiagnosed at advanced stages. While state-sponsored screening programs in Kazakhstan have improved early
\ndetection, the overall awareness and clinical vigilance among healthcare providers\u2014particularly
\nophthalmologists\u2014remains inconsistent. Understanding and improving their awareness is critical for timely
\nintervention and prevention of visual impairment. Aim. This literature review aims to critically analyze tools and
\nmethodologies used to assess glaucoma awareness and knowledge among healthcare professionals. It identifies
\nstrengths and limitations in current instruments to support the development of standardized tools for evaluating
\nprofessional readiness in glaucoma care.
\nMethods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for studies
\npublished between 2015 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed English-language articles
\nassessing glaucoma awareness among ophthalmologists and other eye care professionals using validated or
\nstructured instruments.
\nResults:
\nThe review identified a range of assessment tools, primarily structured self-administered questionnaires,
\ncovering areas such as knowledge of glaucoma risk factors, diagnosis, management, and referral practices.
\nSeveral instruments were rigorously validated and adapted to specific clinical contexts, while others lacked
\nsufficient methodological detail or cultural sensitivity. Notably, few tools were designed to assess awareness in
\ncomplex clinical scenarios such as coexisting glaucoma and cataract.
\nDiscussion:
\nValidated questionnaires are essential tools for evaluating glaucoma-related knowledge and practice patterns.
\nHowever, their reliability and applicability vary depending on design quality and the extent of cultural
\nadaptation. The literature emphasizes the need for multidimensional, context-specific instruments, supported by
\npilot testing and expert review. Awareness levels differ significantly across provider groups, highlighting the
\nnecessity for tailored educational approaches.
\nConclusion:
\nThere is a critical gap in validated assessment tools tailored to ophthalmologists, particularly in cases involving
\ncomorbid cataract. Developing comprehensive, culturally sensitive, and clinically relevant instruments will
\nfacilitate better identification of knowledge gaps, enhance early detection of glaucoma, and improve patient care
\noutcomes.
\nKeywords:
\nglaucoma awareness, ophthalmologists, knowledge assessment, structured questionnaire, instrument validation,
\neye care professionals, literature review<\/p>\n