{"id":1710,"date":"2024-12-30T17:10:39","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T17:10:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.nncf.kz\/?p=1710"},"modified":"2025-02-04T10:55:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T10:55:35","slug":"smoking-as-a-cause-of-increased-cardiovascular-premature-ageing-and-mortality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.nncf.kz\/en\/smoking-as-a-cause-of-increased-cardiovascular-premature-ageing-and-mortality\/","title":{"rendered":"SMOKING AS A CAUSE OF INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR PREMATURE AGEING AND MORTALITY"},"content":{"rendered":"

Received: 04.11.2024 Accepted: 30.11.2024 Published online: 30.12.2024
\nDOI: 10.26212\/2227-1937.2025.67.76.025<\/a>
\n\u0423\u0414\u041a 631.362.36:57.087.3
\nSMOKING AS A CAUSE OF INCREASED CARDIOVASCULAR PREMATURE AGEING AND MORTALITY
\nAbzaliyev K.B.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2452-854X
\nKurmanova A.M.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1859-3903
\nAbzaliyeva S.A.1*, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9802-0129
\nSuleimenova M.U.2, ORCID:https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8553-5353
\nNassyrova N.B.3, ORCID:https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7458-457X
\nSundetova D.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-869X
\nBugibayeva A.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1417-2711
\nBaurzhan M.4, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1244-8673
\nAbdykassymova M.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5365-5508
\nBitemirova R.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5228-6018
\nBaizhigitova N.5, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2452-854X
\nSagalbayeva U.1, ORCID: https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7903-9116
\nJardemova K.6, ORCID:https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8153-8368
\n1 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n2 International Information of Technology University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n3Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n4 Academy of Physical Culture and Sports, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n5 \u00abSmart Health\u00bb, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n6 \u00abA-Clinic\u00bb, Almaty, Kazakhstan
\n*Author for correspondence – Symbat Abzaliyeva, PhD, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, email:
\nabzalieva.symbat@gmail.com +7777 232 2978
\nResume:
\nBackground. The article deals with the influence of modifiable risk factors, namely tobacco smoking on morbidity and mortality.
\nThe concept of reducing the influence of risk factors (harm reduction) was first widely recognized in work with people who are
\ndependent on smoking. According to the WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, tobacco kills more than 8 million people
\neach year, including an estimated 1.3 million non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke.
\nPurpose of the study: To study the impact of tobacco smoking on public health and the international experience of measures to
\nreduce the harmful effects of this risk factor at the present stage.
\nMaterials and methods. The research and publications on the topic of the study were analyzed using sources indexed in eLibrary, Google Academic, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The results of a literature review aimed at studying the
\neffectiveness and features of the organization of smoking cessation interventions are presented.
\nResults of the study. A comprehensive approach to reducing the effects of harmful risk factors is yielding positive results. The
\ngroup of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remains the No. 1 deadly disease category, with alcohol, smoking, unbalanced diet
\nand physical inactivity as the main risk factors. According to the latest data, tobacco smoke is one of the deadliest risk factors for
\ndeaths worldwide. While smoking cessation is the best option for reducing the risk of smoking-related diseases, tobacco harm
\nreduction is a complementary approach to existing tobacco control interventions.
\nConclusion. Perspectives on tobacco harm reduction should focus on reducing the negative health effects of smoking. \u2018Tobacco
\ncontrol\u2019 refers to a range of supply, demand and harm reduction strategies aimed at improving public health by eliminating or
\nreducing their use of tobacco products and exposure to tobacco smoke.
\nKeywords: Smoking, Ageing, Vascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Prevention, Global Burden of Disease, Risk Factors<\/p>\n

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