Received: 15.09.2024 Accepted: 15.11.2024 Published online: 30.12.2024
DOI: 10.26212/2227-1937.2025.81.92.035
УДК: 616.61-008.64
ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC AWARENESS OF RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Y. Burkutov¹, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-2806
A.N. Nurbakyt1¹’ ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4854-6809
D.N. Makhanbetkulova1,2, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-2675
Sh.M. Moiynbayeva1, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-5064
1Kazakhstan’s Medical University “School of Public Health”, Almaty, Kazakhstan
2Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Resume
Background. Chronic renal disease is a significant problem for the healthcare systems of many countries, as its treatment
requires significant economic costs. This problem is especially relevant since chronic renal failure is often diagnosed at late
stages, when kidney dysfunction is already irreversible. One of the key measures to prevent chronic renal disease is raising
public awareness of early symptoms and risk factors, which contributes to timely seeking of medical care. However, studies
show that most people are insufficiently aware of risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, lack of physical activity, diabetes,
gender, high blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases (including heart failure and previous heart attack), as well as increased
stress levels and obesity. Increasing public awareness of these risks can be an important step in the prevention and early
diagnosis of chronic renal disease.
Purpose of the study. To determine the level of respondents’ awareness regarding the risk factors contributing to the
development of chronic kidney failure.
Materials and methods. The study was a cross-sectional (one-time) survey conducted in a healthcare facility. Patients
participated in the survey while seeking medical care. The survey was conducted anonymously. A total of 79 respondents
participated, of whom 43.0% were male (34) and 57.0% were female (45).
Results. The survey results revealed that most respondents were insufficiently informed about the risk factors associated
with renal diseases. According to the study participants, the most common risk factors leading to the development of chronic
kidney failure are excessive stress, obesity, and high blood pressure.
Conclusions. Patients who are aware of potential risks can adopt lifestyle changes, including improving their diet, quitting
harmful habits, and engaging in regular physical activity, which positively impacts kidney health. Early diagnosis and
management of risk factors help slow the progression of chronic kidney failure, reducing the need for costly treatments in the
later stages.
Keywords: Chronic Renal Failure, Risk Factors, Renal diseases, Awareness
